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一休宗純 Ikkyū Sōjun (1394-1481)

道歌

(Rōmaji:) Dōka

There are many portrait paintings of Zen priest Ikkyū existing today, but not many like this in a circular frame. He is in formal attire of gorgeous gold-sprinkled clerical garment, but features well express the monk who denounced the frivolity and shallowness of the Zen world of his time. The inscription above written by Jinshi, a literary figure from Ningpo in Ming dynasty China, identifies that Ikkyū is an authentic monk of the Rinzai school of Zen Buddhism. Attributed to Tosa Hirochika, Inscription by Jinshi. Muromachi period, 15th century Hanging scroll, colour on silk. 71.5×33.3 cm.

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Contents

Ikkjú, névváltozat: Ikkjú Szódzsun (japánul: 一休宗純, Hepburn-átírással: Ikkyū Sōjun) (1394–1481), a rinzai szektához tartozó zen buddhista szerzetes, költő, a japán teaszertartás egyik megteremtője. Huszonhat évesen a Biva-tavon meditálva világosodott meg egy varjú károgására. Cselekedetei megosztották kortársait: igen szerette az alkoholt, megvilágosodását követően rendszeresen látogatta a bordélyházakat, a nemi életet mintegy vallási gyakorlatként értelmezve, az újévi ünnepek alkalmával pedig pálcára szúrt koponyát hordott körbe azt kántálva: „Öregszünk, közeleg a halál.” Mindennek ellenére élete végén kinevezték az 1467-től 1477-ig tartó Ónin-háború alatt lerombolt Daitokudzsi templom főapátjává, bár a posztot csak kelletlenül fogadta el. A rinzai szekta történetében egyszerre számít szentnek és eretneknek. Gy. Horváth László. Japán kulturális lexikon. Corvina. 1999   John Stevens: Ikkjú Szódzsun Fordította: Szigeti György Kiliti Joruto: Ikkjú [Legendák Ikkjú életéből] Bakonyi Berta: Másotok sincs... Faludy György: Öt vers Oravecz Imre: Szerzetes a bordélyban Soós Sándor: Ikkjú élete és művei [Előszó Oravecz Imre fordításaihoz] Terebess Gábor: Ikkjú dókáiból, búcsúverse PDF: Csontváz–dalocskák Bánfalvi András fordítása   Terebess Gábor címfordításai: 狂雲集 Kyōunshū = Kerge Felhő összegyűjtött versei 骸骨 Gaikotsu = Csontváz-népség 阿弥陀裸物語 Amida hadaka monogatari = Pőre Amida 仏鬼軍 Bukkigun = Buddhák pokoli háborúja 摩訶般若波羅蜜多心経解 Maka hannya haramitta shingyō kai = A Szív szútra kommentárja 道歌 Dōka = Tanköltemények   PDF: La saveur du zen: poèmes et sermons d'Ikkyû et de ses disciples [traduits et présentés par] Maryse et Masumi Shibata

道歌 Dōka Ikkyū's Dōka Translated by R. H. Blyth 骸骨 Gaikotsu / Skeletons Ikkyū gaikotsu 一休骸骨 Edition of 1692. Illustrated pages only. Drawings attributed to Ikkyū himself. Ikkyū's Skeletons Translated by R. H. Blyth & N. A. Waddell Skeletons by Zen Master Ikkyu Translated by Thomas F. Cleary Skeletons Translated by James H. Sanford Skeletons Translated by John Stevens 狂雲集 Kyōunshū / Crazy Cloud Anthology Versions by Stephen Berg Versions by Lucien Stryk Versions by John Stevens Versions by Sonja Arntzen Versions by Sarah Messer and Kidder Smith Versions by William M. Bodiford Ikkyū's death poem 仏鬼軍 Bukkigun Buddhas' Great War on Hell Translated by James H. Sanford 阿弥陀裸物語 Amida hadaka monogatari Amida Stripped Bare Translated by James H. Sanford 自戒集 Jikaishū 摩訶般若波羅蜜多心経解 Maka hannya haramitta shingyō kai Ikkyū: Zen Eccentric by Thomas Hoover PDF: Zen Radicals, Rebels and Reformers by Perle Besserman and Manfred Steger Boston: Shambhala Publications, Inc., 1991; Wisdom Publications, Boston, 2010.

 

一休道歌 Ikkyū's Dōka

Translated by R. H. Blyth
In: Zen and Zen Classics, Volume Five, The Hokuseido Press, Tokyo, pp. 162-192. > PDF
First published, as Volume Seven of Zen and Zen Classics, 1962; Reprinted as Volume Five 1966.

道歌 "Dōka" are didactic waka, moralizing, and usually
Buddhistic, seldom if ever of great poetical value, and
usually of easy popular comprehension. Ikkyū wrote
about a hundred and fifty of these poems, many of
which are well known. Eighty of the best are given here.

1.
Uroji yori muroji e kaeru hito yasumi
Ame furaba fure kaze fukaba fuke

A rest on the way back
From the Leaky Road
To the Never-leaking Road;
If it rains, let it rain;
If it blows, let it blow.

2.
Honrai mo naki inishie no ware nareba
Shini yuku kata mo nani mo ka mo nashi

My self of long ago,
In nature non-existent;
Nowhere to go when dead,
Nothing at all.

3.
Toeba iu towaneba iwanu daruma dono
Kokoro no uchi ni nani ka aru beki

When asked, he answered;
No question, no answer;
Then Master Daruma
Must have had
Nothing in his mind.

4.
Hajime naku owari mo naki ni waga kokoro
Umare shisuru mo kū no kū nari

Our mind,—
Without end,
Without beginning,
Though it is born, though it dies,—
The essence of emptiness!

5.
Mitose made tsukurishi tsumi mo morotomo ni
Tsui ni wa ware mo kiehate ni keri

All the sins committed
In the Three Worlds
Will fade and disappear
Together with myself.

6.
Yukusue ni yado wo soko tomo sadameneba
Fumi mayou beki michi mo naki kana

If at the end of our journey
There be no final resting place,
How can there be
A way to lose ourselves in?

7.
Shaka to iu itazura mono ga yo ni idete
Ōku no hito wo mayowasuru kana

Shakamuni,
That mischievous creature,
Having appeared in the world,
Misled, alas,
How many people!

8.
Kokoro towa ikanaru mono wo iu yaran
Sumie ni kakishi matsukaze no oto

The mind,—
What shall we call it?
It is the sound of the breeze
That blows through the pines
In the Indian-ink picture.

9.
Sono mama ni umare nagara no kokoro koso
Negawazu totemo hotoke naru beshi

The mind remaining
Just as it was born,—
Without any prayer
It becomes the Buddha.

10.
Uso wo tsuki jigoku e otsuru mono naraba
Naki koto tsukuru shaka ikani sen

Tell a lie,
And you fall into Hell.
Then what will happen to Buddha
Who contrived
Things that don't exist?

11.
Tsukuri oku tsumi no shumi hodo aru naraba
Emma no chō ni tsukedokoro nashi

If the sins we commit
Are as great as Mt. Sumeru,
There will be no room for them
In the records of Emma.

12.
Gokuraku mo jigoku mo shiranu omoide ni
Umarenu saki no mono to narubeshi

Of Heaven or Hell we have
No recollection, no knowledge;
We must become what we were
Before we were born.

13.
Ame arare yuki ya kōri to hedatsuredo
Otsureba onaji tanigawa no mizu

Rain, hail, snow and ice
Are divided from one another;
But after they fall,
They are the same water
Of the stream in the valley.

14.
Yomosugara hotoke no michi wo tazunereba
Waga kokoro ni zo tazune iri keru

Should you seek
The way of the Buddha
All night long,
Searching, you will enter
Into your own mind.

15.
Kuni izuku sato wa ikani to hito towaba
Honrai mui no mono to kotae yo

When they ask you,
"Where is your country?
What is your native place?" answer,
"I am a man
Of Original Inactivity."

16.
Honrai no membokubō ga tachisugata
Hitome mishi yori koi to koso nare

The figure of the Real Man
Standing there,—
Just a glimpse of him,
And we are in love.

17.
Furaba fure furazuba furazu furazu tomo
Nurete yuku beki sode naraba koso

If it rain, let it rain;
If it rain not, let it not rain;
But even should it not rain,
You must travel
With wet sleeves.

18.
Hana wo mi yo iroka mo tomo ni chiri hatete
Kokoro nakute mo haru wa ki ni keri

Look at the cherry blossoms!
Their colour and scent fall with them,
Are gone for ever,
Yet mindless
The spring comes again.

19.
Hetsuraite tanoshiki yori mo hetsurawade
Mazushiki mi koso kokoro yasukere

Better than flattering
And living pleasantly,
Is not to flatter,
And rest at ease in poverty.

20.
Buppo wa nabe no sakayaki ishi no hige
E ni kaku take no tomozure no koe

Buddhism
Is the shaved part of the saucepan,
The whiskers of the pebble,
The sound that accompanies
The bamboos in the picture.

21.
Kairaishi kubi ni kaketaru ningyo-bako
Oni wo dasō to hotoke dasō to

The puppet-player hangs them
Round his neck, not his heart;
He can take out a Devil
He can take out a Buddha.

22.
Bechi no koto naki zo to iū mo haya somuku
Tsui ni iienu Daruma Ikkyū

If he says,
"There is nothing special about it,"
Already he has transgressed,
And can say nothing else,
This Daruma Ikkyū.

23.
Waga yado wa hashira mo tatezu fuki mo sezu
Ame ni mo nurezu kaze mo atarazu

My abiding place
Has no pillars;
It is roofless,—
Yet the rain does not wet it,
Nor the wind strike it.

24.
Fuku toki wa ube sawagashiki yamakaze mo
Fukanu toki ni wa fukanu nari keri

When it blows,
The mountain wind is boisterous,
But when it blows not,
It simply blows not.

25.
Hashi nakute kumo no sora e wa agaru tomo
Kudon no kyō wo tanomare ya sen

Though it has no bridge,
The cloud climbs up to heaven;
It does not ask aid
Of Gautama's sutras.

26.
Horanu i ni tamaranu mizu no nami tachite
Kage mo katachi mo naki hito zo kumu

Ripples appear
On the unaccumulated water
Of the undug well,
As the formless, bodiless man
Draws water from it.

27.
Kokoro tote ge ni mo kokoro wa naki mono wo
Satori wa nani no satori naruran

The mind:
Since there is really
No such thing as mind
With what enlightenment,—
Shall it be enlightened?

28.
Mina hito no nehan jōraku shimzu shite
Shōji mujō wo nageku aware sa

Pitiful are
People who do not know
Nirvana and its eternal felicity!
How they grieve
At life, death, and mutability!

29.
Shaka mo mata Amida mo moto wa hito zo kashi
Ware mo katachi wa hito ni arazu ya

Shaka, and Amida too,
Were originally human beings;
Have I not also
The form of a man?

30.
Tae narishi nori no hachisu no hana no mi wa
Ikuyo furu tomo iro wa kawaraji

Wonderful, indeed,
The Lotus Flower of the Law!
However many ages may pass,
Still that same colour.

31.
Mikazuki no mitsureba kakete ato mo nashi
Tonikaku ni mata ariake no tsuki

The crescent moon
Becomes full, and wanes,
And nothing is left;
But still, there in the dawn,
The crescent moon!

32.
Miru goto ni mina sono mama no sugata kana
Yanagi wa midori hana wa kurenai

Whenever we see them, all are
Just as they are:
The willow is green,
The flower is red.

33.
Tabi wa tada uki mono naru ni furusato no
Sora ni kaeru wo itou hakanasa

Since the journey of life
Is little but grief and pain,
Why should we be so reluctant
To return to the sky of our native place?

34.
Kakioku mo yume no uchi naru shirushi kana
Samete wa sara ni tou hito mo nashi

To write something and leave it behind us,
It is but a dream.
When we awake we know
There is not even anyone to read it.

35.
Waga hō wo iwade mo iranu haru no hana mo
Hirakete chirite tsuchi to koso nare

Though we do not preach the doctrine,
Unasked the flowers bloom in spring;
They fall and scatter,
They turn to dust.

36.
Onore sae nekki harawanu fudō-me ga
Akuma kōfuku muyō nari keri

How on earth could that chap Fudō,
Who cannot drive his own heat away,
Make the Evil spirits submit?

37.
Kadomatsu wa meido no tabi no ichirizuka
Uma kago mo naku tomariya mo nashi

The New Year Pine Decorations
Are a milestone on the journey
To the other world;
There is no horse, no palanquin,
No lodging-house.

38.
Umarete wa shinuru nari keri oshinabete
Shaka mo daruma mo neko mo shakushi mo

We are born, we die.
All are the same,
Shakamuni, Daruma,
The cat and the ladle.

39.
Hotoke ni mo nari katamaru wa iranu mono
Ishibotoke ra wo miru ni tsukete mo

To harden into a Buddha is wrong;
All the more I think so
When I look at a stone Buddha.

40.
Hitori kite hitori keens mo mayoi nari
Kitarazu saranu michi wo oshien

"We come into this world alone,
We depart alone",—
This also is illusion.
I will teach you the way
Not to come, not to go!

41.
Yo no naka wa kilte hakoshite nete okite
Sate sono ato wa shinuru bakari zo

We eat, excrete, sleep, and get up;
This is our world.
All we have to do after that,—
Is to die.

42.
Shini wa senu doko e mo yukanu koko ni iru
Tazune wa suruna mono wa iwanu zo

I shan't die, I shan't go anywhere,
I'll be here;
But don't ask me anything,
I shan't answer.

43.
Nanigoto mo mina itsuwari no yo nari keri
Shinuru to iu mo makoto naraneba

Whatsoever it may be,
It is all part of the world of illusion,
Death itself
Not being a real thing.

44.
Michi wa tada seken segai no koto tomo ni
Jihi shinjitsu no hito ni tazuneyo

Should you wish to know the way
In both this world,
And that other,
Ask a man of mercy and sincerity.

45.
Tae ni shite kami aru mono wa kokoro kana
Tenchi ni watari mijin ni mo iru

How marvellous,
How god-like the mind of man!
It fills the whole universe!
It enters every mote of dust!

46.
Nanigoto mo hito no kokoro ni sakau koso
Sehō Buppo sawari nari keri

Whatever runs counter
To the mind and will of ordinary people
Hinders the Law or Men
And the Law of Buddha.

47.
Nani wo gana mairasetaku to omoe domo
Darumashū ni wa ichimotsu mo nashi

I would like
To offer you something,
But in the Daruma Sect
We have nothing at all.

48.
Yamashiro no uri ya nasubi wo sono mama ni
Tamuke to nare ya kamogawa no mizu

All the melons and egg-plants
Of Yamashiro, just as they are,
And all the waters of the River Kamo,
Shall be the offerings
At the Feast of All Souls.

49.
Ikkyū ga mi wo ba mi hodo ni omowaneba
Ichi mo yamaga mo onaji sumika yo

As Ikkyū does not think of his body
As if it were his body,
He lives in the same place,
Whether it is town or country.

50.
Oto mo naku ka mo naki hito no kokoro nite
Yobeba kotauru nushi mo nusubito

The mind of man is without sound,
Without odour;
He who answers when called
Is nothing but a thief.

51.
Ari to ieba ari to ya hitono omouran
Kotaete mo naki yamabiko no koe

If we say "There is,"
People think "There is";
But though it answers,
It is not,
This mountain echo.

52.
Nashi to ieba nashi to ya hito no omouran
Kotae mo zo suru yamabiko no koe

If we say, "There is not,"
People think "There is not,"
Though it answers,
The mountain echo.

53.
Yuku mizu ni kazu kaku yori mo hakanaki wa
Hotoke wo tanomu hito no nochi no yo

More frail and illusory
Than numbers written on water,
Our seeking from the Buddha
Felicity in the after-world.

54.
Ima wa haya kokoro ni kakaru kumo mo nashi
Tsuki no irubeki yama shi nakereba

Already, over the heart
Not a cloud is hanging,
And no mountain is there
For the moon to hide behind.

55.
Yo no naka no Shōshi no michi ni tsure wa nashi
Tada sabishiku mo doku-shi doku-rai

In our way through this world
Of birth and death,
We have no companion;
Lonely we die,
Alone we are born.

56.
Ōmizu no saki ni nagaruru tochigara mo
Mi wo sutete koso ukabu se mo are

The vast flood
Rolls onward
But yield yourself,
And it floats you upon it.

57.
Nanigoto mo mizaru iwazaru kikazaru wa
Tada hotoke nimo masaru narikeri

Who sees naught,
Says naught,
Hears naught,
Simply surpasses
The Buddha.

58.
Umu wo nosuru seishi no umi no ama obune
Soko nukete nochi umu mo tamarazu

On the sea of death and life,
The diver's boat is freighted
With "Is" and "Is not";
But if the bottom is broken through,
"Is" and "Is not" disappear.

59.
Kuchi hodo ni mi no okonai no narazareba
Waga kokoro nimo hajirare zo suru

What my body does, accords not
With what my mouth utters,
And my heart
Is full of shame.

60.
Hotoke niwa kokoro mo narazu mi mo narazu
Naranu mono koso hotoke narikeri

The mind cannot become the Buddha;
The body cannot become the Buddha;
Only what cannot become the Buddha
Can become the Buddha.

61.
Okuyama ni musubazu totemo shiba no io
Kokoro kara nite yo wo itou beshi

I don't build myself
A grass-roofed hut
In the deepest mountains,
Nevertheless, I loathe
This world.

62.
Tsuyu to kie maboroshi to obou inazuma no
Kage no gotoku ni mi wa omou beshi

As lightning
Which disappears like dew,
Which vanishes like a phantom,—
Thus think of yourself.

63.
Hotoke tote hoka ni motomuru kokoro koso
Mayoi no naka no mayoi nari keru

A mind to search elsewhere
For the Buddha,
Is the foolishness
In the very centre of foolishness.

64.
Hachisu-ba no nigori ni somanu tsuyu no mi wa
Tada sono mama ni shinnyo jissō

The dew on the lotus leaf
Undyed by its colour,
Just as it is,
Is the Real Form of Buddha.

65.
Monogoto ni shūjaku sezaru kokoro koso
Musō mushin no mujū nari keri

The mind which is unattached
To all things in the world,
Does not think, does not feel
Is fluid and flexible.

66.
lssai no shobutsu bosatsu mo higan yori
Bodai nehan wa jōju shitamau

All Buddhas and Bodhisattvas
Achieve Buddhahood and Nirvana
As a result
Of the Merciful Vow.

67.
Busshō wa fushō fumetsu no mono naredo
Mayoeba shōshi ruten tozo shire

The Buddha-nature
Means non-birth, non-extinction;
Then know that illusion
Is birth, death, reincarnation.

68.
Zen shū suredo akuji kitaru to uramu na yo
Sense zaigō sokui shōmetsu

Though you practise virtue,
Do not grieve that misfortune arises;
The guilty Karma
Of the previous world
Is vanishing away.

69.
Futatsu naki mono to nari ete ichi mo nashi
Sumie no kaze no satemo suzushiki

When they are not two things,
They are not one thing,
And the wind
In the Indian-ink picture
Is cool indeed.

70.
Shinde kara hotoke to iu mo nani yue zo
Kogoto mo iwazu jama ni naraneba

Why are people called Buddhas
After they die?
Because they don't grumble any more,
Because they don't make a nuisance
Of themselves any more.

71.
Tsuki wa ie kokoro wa nushi to miru toki wa
Nao kari no yo no sumai nari keri

The moon is the house,
The mind is the master in it:
When we understand this
It is only a transitory world
We live in here.

72.
Omoi ireba hito mo waga mi mo yoso narazu
Kokoro no soto ni kokoro nakereba

Deeply thinking of it,
I and other people,—
There is no difference,
As there is no mind
Beyond this Mind.

73.
Bampō no gyō wa yorozu no koto nareba
Kokoro kokoro ni michi wo tsutome yo

Since the activity of the Law
Works manifoldly,
Urge the following of the Way
In various minds.

74.
Tōrai no san-e no haru no hana mo mata
Gense no jihi zo tane to naramashi

The lovingkindness we feel,
The merciful deeds we do in this life,
Are the seeds of the spring flowers
Of the future Third Meeting.

75.
Mi wo irete tori kedamono wo sukuishi wa
Shaka no inchi no shugyō narikeri

The salvation
Of birds and beasts, oneself included,—
This is the object
Of Shakamuni's religious austerities
On the causal ground.

76.
Haru goto ni sakeru sakura wo miru goto ni
Nao hakanashi to mi koso tsurakere

Every spring when you see
The cherry blossoms bloom,
Feel with pain
The brevity of your life!

77.
Moto no mi wa moto no tokoro e kaeru beshi
Iranu hotoke wo tazune ba shisu na

The original Man
Must return to his original place;
Why seek then
The needless Buddha?

78.
Asatsuyu wa kie nokorite mo arinu beshi
Tareka kono yo ni nokori hatsu beki

The morning dew
Flees away,
And is no more;
Who may remain
In this world of ours?

79.
Hakanaku mo asu no inochi wo tanomu kana
Kinō wa sugishi kokoro narazu ya

We pray for our life of tomorrow,
Ephemeral life though it be;
This is the habit of our mind
That passed away yesterday.

80.
Nageku nayo makoto no michi wa sono mama ni
Futatsu tomo nashi mittsu tomo nashi

Do not take it to heart;
The real way
Is one, itself as it is;
There are not two, or three.