정중무상 / 浄衆無相 Jeongjung Musang (680-756, alt. 684-762)

정중무상 / 浄衆無相 Jeongjung Musang (680-756, alt. 684-762)
alias 김화상 / 金和尚 Gim hwasang

(Hanja / Pinyin:) 浄衆無相 Jingzhong Wuxiang, alias 金和尚 Jin heshang
(Rōmaji:) 浄衆無相 Jōshū Musō
(Magyar átírás:) Csongdzsung Muszang (Kim hvaszang)

Chŏngjung Musang. (C. Jingzhong Wuxiang; J. Jōshu Musō 淨衆無相) (680–756,
alt. 684–762). Korean-Chinese CHAN master of the Tang dynasty; because he
was of Korean heritage, he is usually called Musang in the literature, following
the Korean pronunciation of his dharma name, or Master Kim (K. Kim hwasang;
C. Jin heshang), using his Korean surname. Musang is said to have been the third
son of a Silla king and was ordained in Korea at the monastery of Kunnamsa. In
728, he arrived in the Chinese capital of Chang’an (present-day Xi’an) and had an
audience with the Tang emperor Xuanzong (r. 712–756), who appointed him to
the monastery of Chandingsi. Musang subsequently traveled to Chu (in presentday
Sichuan province) and became a disciple of the monk Chuji (alt. 648–734,
650–732, 669–736), who gave him dharma transmission at the monastery of
Dechunsi in Zizhou (present-day Sichuan province). He later resided at the
monastery of Jingzhongsi in Chengdu (present-day Sichuan province; later known
as WANFOSI), which gave him his topony m Chŏngjung (C. Jingzhong). Musang
became famous for his ascetic practices and meditative prowess. Musang also
began conferring a unique set of precepts known as the three propositions
(SANJU): “no recollection” (wuji), which was equated with morality (ŚĪLA);
“no thought” (WUNIAN) with concentration (SAMĀDHI); and “no forgetting”
(mowang) with wisdom (PRAJÑĀ). He also taught a practice known as
YINSHENG NIANFO, a method of reciting the name of the Buddha by
extending the length of the intonation. Musang’s prosperous lineage in Sichuan
came to be known as the JINGZHONG ZONG line of Chan. Musang seems to
have taught or influenced several renowned Chan monks, including HEZE
SHENHUI (668–760), BAOTANG WUZHU (714–774), and MAZU DAOYI
(707–786); he also played an important role in transmitting Chan to Tibet in the
750s and 760s.