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投子大同 Touzi Datong (819-914)
(Rōmaji:) Tōsu Daidō
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| Tou-ce Ta-tung mondásaiból Fordította: Terebess Gábor |
Touzi Datong T'ou-tzu Ta-t'ung and Chao-chou Ts'ung-shen Encounter Dialogues of Touzi Datong |
Touzi Datong
by Andy Ferguson
In: Zen's Chinese Heritage: The Masters and Their Teachings, Wisdom Publications, 2011, pp. 213-216.
TOUZI DATONG (819–914) was a disciple of Cuiwei Wuxue. He came from ancient Shuzhou (in the southern part of modern Anwei Province). As a young man he left home to study under a Zen master named Bao Tangman. He first studied meditation techniques of the Anapana Sutra. Some time later he read the Flower Garland Sutra and proceeded to study under Cuiwei Wuxue. After his enlightenment under Cuiwei, he roamed throughout China, eventually returning to his old home and settling on Mt. Touzi. There he built a thatched hut and remained obscure for more than thirty years. Touzi’s eminence as a Zen adept could not be concealed, and the great Zhaozhou came looking for him.
*
One day Zhaozhou came to Dongcheng County [near Mt. Touzi]. Touzi left the mountain. They met each other on the road.
Zhaozhou asked him, “Aren’t you the host of Mt. Touzi?”
Touzi said [like a beggar], “Tea, salt, a coin, please help me!”
Zhaozhou then proceeded to Touzi’s hut on the mountain and sat down inside. Later Touzi returned to the hut carrying a jug of oil.
Zhaozhou said, “Long have I heard of Touzi, but since coming here all I’ve seen is an old-timer selling oil.”
Touzi said, “You’ve only seen an old-timer selling oil. But you haven’t recognized Touzi.”
Zhaozhou said, “What is Touzi?”
Touzi lifted up the jug of oil and yelled, “Oil! Oil!”
Zhaozhou asked, “What do you say about the one who undergoes the great death, and thus attains life?”
Touzi said, “He can’t make the journey at night. He must arrive in the daylight.”
Zhaozhou said, “I’ve long committed thievery, but you’re worse than me.”
*
Zen master Touzi Datong entered the hall and addressed the monks, saying, “All of you come here searching for some new words and phrases, collecting brilliant things that you intend to stick in your own mouth and repeat. But this old monk’s energy is failing and my lips and tongue are blundering. I don’t have any idle talk to give you.
“If you ask me then I will answer you directly. But there is no mystery that can be compared to you, yourself. I won’t teach you some method to collect wisdom. I will never say that above or below there’s a Buddha, a Dharma, something ordinary or something sacred, or that you will find it by sitting with your legs crossed. You all manifest a thousand things. It is the understandings that arise from your own life that you must carry into the future, reaping what you sow. I have nothing to give you here, neither overtly nor by inference. I can only speak to all of you in this manner. If you have doubts then question me.”
A monk asked, “When it is not received overtly or by inference, then what?”
Touzi said, “Are you trying to collect wisdom?”
Touzi then left the hall.
*
A monk asked, “In the entire store of scriptural teachings, is there any one particularly important matter or not?”
Touzi said, “Demonstrate the teaching of all the scriptures!”
*
A monk asked, “What about when the golden manacles are not open?”
Touzi said, “They are open.”
*
A monk asked, “All buddhas and dharmas come forth from this sutra. What is this sutra?”
Touzi said, “It is due to this name that you esteem and sustain.”
*
A monk asked, “Does the dragon bellow from within the withered tree?”
Touzi said, “I say that inside the skull the lion roars.”
*
A monk asked, “One Dharma universally freshens all beings. What Dharma is this?”
Touzi said, “The falling rain.”
*
A monk asked, “All sounds are the sound of Buddha, are they not?”
Touzi said, “Yes.”
The monk said, “Does the master not make farting sounds on the commode?”
Touzi struck the monk.
*
A monk asked, “Refined and vulgar speech both have the same meaning, right?”
Touzi said, “Yes.”
The monk said, “In that case may I call the master an ass?”
Touzi struck the monk.
*
A monk asked, “What is the final word?”
Touzi said, “The word you didn’t understand at the beginning.”
*
A monk asked, “Who is the master’s teacher?”
Touzi said, “If you look from in front of him you can’t see his head. If you look from behind him you can’t see his back.”
*
A monk asked, “Manjushri had seven buddhas as disciples. Did Manjushri have a teacher?”
Touzi said, “When you speak in this manner, it’s as if you’re belittling yourself and praising others.”
*
A monk asked, “The lion is the king of beasts. Why is it devoured by the six senses?”
Touzi said, “Don’t build yourself up. Don’t believe in self and other.”
*
Zen master Touzi Datong resided on Mt. Touzi for more than thirty years, provoking and advancing Dharma in all directions. Those who came for his instruction often overflowed the hall. The master spoke in an unimposing manner, answering all questions, aiding each person’s development, and expressing great meaning with few words. What is recorded now is but a small portion of what the master said.
The Huang Chao bandit uprising broke out during the Zhong He era [around the year 883]. At that time every place experienced disaster and chaos.
Once, a crazed bandit brandished a knife at the master and said, “What are you doing living here?”
Touzi calmly continued to espouse Dharma. When Touzi finished speaking the bandit bowed and took off his own clothes to leave as an offering.
On the sixth day of the fourth month in [the year 914] the master became slightly ill. The monks called for a doctor.
Touzi said to the congregation, “The four great activities of life ebb and flow unceasingly. You mustn’t be concerned. I can take care of myself.” After saying these words the master sat in a cross-legged position and passed away. He received the posthumous name “Great Teacher Compassionate Succor.”
*
T'ou-tzu Ta-t'ung and Chao-chou Ts'ung-shen
Translated by Chang Chung-yuan
In:
Original Teachings of Ch'an Buddhism. New York: Random House, 1969. p. 16.
Chao-chou Ts'ung-shen went to visit T'ou-tzu Ta-t'ung and
asked, "What is the substance of prajna?" T'ou-tzu repeated,
"What is the substance of prajna?" Thereupon Chao-chou laughed
heartily and left. Next morning, when T'ou-tzu saw Chao-chou
sweeping the yard, he stepped forward, and asked, "What is the
substance of prajna?" As soon as Chao-chou heard this, he threw
down his broom, and laughing heartily, went away.
Encounter Dialogues of Touzi Datong
compiled by Satyavayu of Touching Earth Sangha
DOC: Treasury of the Forest of Ancestors
Master Touzi Datong came from Shuzhou in Anhui Province. Leaving home as a young man, he had an unusual early focus on the meditation techniques of the Anapana Sutta, and then later studied the Flower Garland Sutra. Finally he became interested in Zen teaching, and he traveled to the northwestern province of Shanxi to study with Master Cuiwei Wuxue in Jingzhou. After developing a clear understanding with Master Cuiwei, Datong traveled widely throughout China, but he eventually returned to his home region and settled in a hermitage on Child of Devotion (Touzi) Mountain. Here he practiced in relative obscurity for many years. But one day Master Zhaozhou Congshen, during his extensive wanderings, managed to hear of him and came for a visit.
When Congshen arrived at Touzi's hermitage no one was home, so Congshen waited. Eventually Touzi returned carrying a jug of oil. Congshen said, “I've heard about the host of Touzi Mountain, but since coming here all I've seen is an old man selling oil”
Touzi replied, “You only see an old man selling oil. You haven't recognized Touzi.”
Congshen asked, “What is Touzi?”
Touzi lifted up the jug and called out, “Oil! Oil!”
Later Congshen asked Touzi, “What do you say about attaining life after the great death?'
Touzi said, “It's not allowed to travel in the dark of night. You must arrive in daylight.”
As Touzi's reputation began to spread, many students began to gather on the mountain and build hermitages there in order to study with the master. Eventually the local officials had a monastery built for Master Touzi to lead, and the master taught there for the rest of his life.
Soon after the monastery was completed, Master Touzi entered the hall to address the community. A monk came forward and asked, “What are the causes and conditions of this single great matter?”
The master said, “Minister Yin asked me to open the hall and give a talk.”
Once a monk asked Master Touzi, “In all the teachings of the scriptures, is there any one particularly special or important matter?'
The master said, “Putting the teachings of the scriptures into practice.”
One day a monk asked Master Touzi, “Among the ten aspects of the Awakened One, what is the one called the 'Harmonizing Guide of Beings'?”
The master got down from the teaching seat and stood with folded hands.
Another time a monk asked, “What is the distance between ordinary beings and the sages?”
The master got down from his seat and stood with folded hands.
On the first full moon gathering of the new year, a monk asked Master Touzi, “What is meant by the 'first moon'?”
The master said, “In early spring it is still cold.”
Then the monk asked, “What is the 'second moon'?”
The master said, “In mid-spring it gradually warms.”
One day a monk asked Master Touzi, “What is the last word?”
The master said, “The word you didn't understand at the beginning.”
Tou-ce Ta-tung összegyűjtött mondásaiból
Fordította: Terebess Gábor
– A mesternek ki a tanítómestere? – kédezte egy szerzetes.
– Előtte állsz, de nem látod az arcát, mögötte állsz, de nem látod a hátát – felelte Tou-ce Ta-tung.
– Mi az utolsó szó?- kérdezte egy szerzetes Tou-cét.
– Amit nem fogtál föl, az első szó az! – felelte a mester.
