효봉학눌 / 曉峰學訥 Hyobong Haknul (1888-1966)

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(Magyar átírás:) Hjobong Haknul

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyobong_Hangnul
http://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyobong_Hangnul

Hyobong Hangnul (1888-1966) was a Korean Jogye Seon master who was the former head of the Jogye Order. The master of the late Kusan Sunim, Hyobong was the guiding teacher of several temples in Korea—including Songgwang-sa and Haein-sa. Stephen Batchelor has called him, "One of the most remarkable Buddhist teachers of this century in Korea." Hyobong was also the first Korean individual to serve as a judge for the Japanese Imperial government, though he resigned his position after being troubled with having sentenced a man to death. Having told no one of his resignation, he took to selling toffee in rural towns and eventually came to ordain as a sunim under Sŏktu Sunim. Hyobong went on to live as a traveling monk, visiting monastery after monastery for many years. He died in the posture of zazen while at P'Yoch'chung monastery in 1966.

PDF: Mu Soeng Sunim, Thousand Peaks. Korean Zen – Traditions & Teachers . Primary Point Press. Cumberland, 1991
Robert E. Buswell, The Zen Monastic Experience: Buddhist Practice in Contemporary Korea. Princeton University Press. 1992

Hyo Bong's kongans
by Zen Master Seung Sahn
In: The Whole World is a Single Flower: 365 Kong-ans for Everyday Life
Tuttle, 1993.

121. Best Killer

One day Hyo Bong Sunim asked Zen Master Man Gong, "Somebody likes to kill. Who is the best killer?"

Man Gong said, "Today I see him here."

"I want to cut your neck," Hyo Bong said. "Do you give me permission?"

Man Gong answered him. Then Hyo Bong was very happy and bowed to his teacher.

1. Who is the best killer?

2. Man Gong said, "Today I see him here." What does this mean?

3. What was Man Gong's second answer?

COMMENTARY: Be careful. Don't give a sharp knife to a child.

122. Big Temple

Zen Master Man Gong told the following story to Hyo Bong Sunim: "A long time ago, the Heaven King picked up a blade of grass and put it back into the ground. He then said to Shakyamuni Buddha, 'I made a big temple here.' The Buddha smiled.

"So, Hyo Bong Sunim, do you understand the meaning of this?"

Hyo Bong gave an answer to Zen Master Man Gong, who clapped his hands and, laughing, said, "Wonderful, wonderful!"

1. "I have made a big temple here." What does this mean?

2. What does the Buddha's smile mean?

3. What was Hyo Bong Sunim's answer to Zen Master Man Gong?

COMMENTARY: Everything is impermanent. Why make a temple? If you attain "Everything is impermanent," you attain the true temple.

187. No White, No Blue

Poem by Zen Master Hyo Bong

Every day, human beings get older.

Every year, the mountain is blue.

Forget both human beings and the mountain -

Then there's no white, no blue.

1. How do you forget both human beings and the mountain?

2. No white, no blue. Then what?

COMMENTARY: When you open your mouth, everything appears and disappears. When you close your mouth, nothing appears or disappears. But if you have no mouth, you become Buddha.

188. The Ship with No Bottom

Poem by Zen Master Hyo Bong

If you want to take away the I-my-me mountain,

You must get a cane made of rabbit horn.

If you want to cross the ocean of suffering,

You must take the ship with no bottom.

1. Where do you get a cane made of rabbit horn?

2. Where is the ship with no bottom?

COMMENTARY: Opening your mouth cannot save you from hell. Close your mouth and you lose your life.

202. Hyo Bong's Enlightenment

Before Hyo Bong Sunim became a monk and ultimately a great Zen Master, he was a judge during the Japanese occupation of Korea. One day, the police brought a member of the Korean resistance movement before him. According to laws imposed by the Japanese, anyone convicted of resistance activities would be put to death. "What shall I do?" Hyo Bong thought. "If I act correctly as a judge, this man must die, but if I love my country, I cannot punish him." He became very confused, and could not do anything, so he resigned his position and devoted himself to studying the Buddha's teachings. After meeting Zen Master Im Sok Du at Shin Gae Sah Temple on Diamond Mountain, he shaved his head and became a monk.

Hyo Bong practiced very hard, sitting in meditation for hours with unmoving determination. He would never even lie down to sleep. One day a strong wind blowing through the pine trees caused a branch to snap. "Crack!" Upon hearing this sound, Hyo Bong got enlightenment, and composed the following poem:

Under the sea is a dove's house. The dove is holding a deer's egg.

In the fire-spider's house they're making fish tea.

Who understands the family tradition?

White cloud flies west, the moon running east.

1. What is the meaning of the first and second lines?

2. What is the meaning of "White cloud flies west, the moon running east"?

COMMENTARY: Wonderful, wonderful! A great man catches a cloud, turns it into a horse and flies into the sky.

203. A Gate

Zen Master Hyo Bong gave a Dharma speech in which he said: "There is a gate. From the East, this gate looks like the West Gate. From the West, this gate looks like the East Gate. From the South, it looks like the North Gate, and from the North, it looks like the South Gate. The three worlds of Buddhas, Bodhisattvas, and eminent teachers are all coming and going through this gate. How do you go through this gate?"

Holding his stick for a moment in silence, he hit the table and said, "If you come through this gate, I will hit you. If you go through this gate, I will also hit you. What can you do?"

1. What is this gate?

2. Going or coming, Zen Master Hyo Bong will hit you. How do you pass this gate?

COMMENTARY: Don't make anything, don't make anything. If you open your mouth, you have already passed through the gate to hell.

204. Bodhidharma's Family Tradition

During a Dharma speech, Zen Master Hyo Bong posed a kong-an to the assembly: "Three men are walking. The first man says, 'I am coming here just like this.' The second man says, 'I never come just like this.' The third man says, 'Put it all down.'

"Which one is correct? If you find this, I will hit you thirty times. If you cannot find this, I will also hit you thirty times. What can you do?" Nobody could answer. Then he made a poem:

Write "Mu" in the sky-

There is substance and great function.

Meditation and enlightenment are important.

But you must find Bodhidharma's family tradition.

He then hit the table three times with his Zen stick and descended from the high stand.

1. Of the three men, which one is correct?

2. How do you write "Mu" in the sky?

3. What are "substance and great function"?

4. What is Bodhidharma's family tradition?

COMMENTARY: In the sky, one sun, one moon and many stars. But the blind man cannot see the sun, the moon or the stars.

205. Where Is the True Master?

Zen Master Hyo Bong once said to a group of students: "Front and back, right and left, everywhere is the true master. If you look for the true master, you will never find it, and you will never get out of the ocean of suffering. But I have a ship with no bottom. Everybody board this ship, and then you can get out of this ocean. All aboard! Hurry up, hurry up!"

Hitting the table with his Zen stick, Hyo Bong recited this poem:

One step, two steps, three steps.

Don't check around - only go straight.

When water and mountain disappear,

Your original home already appears.

1. Your true master is everywhere. Do you see? Do you hear?

2. How do you ride the ship with no bottom?

3. What is the meaning of "When water and mountains disappear, your original home already appears"?

COMMENTARY: Wake up from your dream! What do you see now? What do you hear now? The mountain is blue, the water is flowing.

206. Deceiving All Buddhas and Eminent Teachers

One day, Zen Master Hyo Bong delivered a Dharma speech from the high rostrum. "If you open your mouth, you deceive all Buddhas and eminent teachers. If you don't open your mouth, you deceive the whole assembly. How do you not deceive all Buddhas, eminent teachers and the assembly?"

Zen Master In Gak stood up and called out, "Attendant! One cup of tea for the Zen Master."

Then Hyo Bong said, "That's OK, but why didn't you pull me from the high stand? Today's Dharma speech is already finished, but somebody doesn't have enough mind, so I will make a poem for him:

I look at this world.

Nobody escapes life and death.

If you want to take away your suffering,

Throw life, death and Nirvana into the garbage."

1. How do you not deceive all Buddhas, eminent teachers, and the assembly?

2. If at that time somebody appeared and pulled Zen Master Hyo Bong form the high stand, and if you were Hyo Bong, what could you do?

3. How do you throw life, death and Nirvana into the garbage?

COMMENTARY: There are many stars in the sky, and many trees on the mountain. Birds sing in the trees. See clearly, hear clearly. Everything is complete. Silence is better than holiness.

207. Live Words and Dead Words

During a Dharma speech, Zen Master Hyo Bong said, "In our practice there are live words and dead words. If you attain live words, you are the same as the Buddha and eminent teachers. If you are attached to dead words, you never get out of the ocean of suffering. Live words and dead words are the same as dust in your eyes. So I ask you, how do you get the dust out of your eyes? Tell me! Tell me!" Hyo Bong was silent for a few moments, and then hit his Zen stick on the table three times and descended from the high stand.

1. Live words and dead words: are they the same or different?

2. How do you get the dust out of your eyes?

3. Which are live words: silence or three hits of the Zen stick?

COMMENTARY: Who can save Hyo Bong? If you want to save him, you must use a hammer with no handle.

208. Appearing and Disappearing

Zen Master Hyo Bong once said, "Everything is appearing and disappearing. But everything comes from complete stillness. This stillness is substance. If you attain substance, you attain truth and correct function. Then appearing and disappearing are truth, and the correct function of appearing and disappearing is possible.

"My question to all of you is, where do substance, truth and function come from? If you open your mouth, you already make opposites. If you close your mouth, you are attached to emptiness. How do you, with your mouth not open and not closed, attain substance, truth and function?"

Nobody could answer.

"I'll give you a hint," he continued. "KATZ! Everybody return to your rooms and drink tea."

1. Are appearing, disappearing; and stillness the same or different?

2. What is substance? What is truth? What is function?

3. What is the meaning of "KATZ!" and "Return to your rooms and drink tea"?

COMMENTARY: Aigo, aigo, aigo! Where do you find Hyo Bong's original body? Watch your step!

209. Zen Master Hyo Bong's Three Gates

First Gate: There is an animal on Maitreya Mountain which has the body of a dog and the head of a tiger. What do you cali it? Is it a tiger or a dog?

Second Gate: There is a dark moon and a white moon in the sky. The dark moon is going from west to east. The white moon is going from east to west. The two moons come together and become one. What does this mean?

Third Gate: The whole world is a furnace. How did part of it get to be snow?

COMMENTARY: One action is better than ten thousand words.

PDF: Egyetlen szál virág az egész világ
365 buddhista, keresztény, taoista és zen példázat és kóan / [Szung Szán zen mester kérdéseivel és kommentárjaival, ... Stephen Mitchell előszavával];
[ford. Szigeti György]. [Budapest] : Farkas Lőrinc Imre Kiadó, 1997, XVII, 260 p.